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Special Phenomena

El Niño, El Niño Modoki, La Niña (ENSO)

Monsoon Intra-Seasonal Oscillation (MISO)

Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)

The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the major fluctuation in tropical weather on weekly to monthly timescales. The MJO can be characterized as an eastward moving "pulse" of cloud and rainfall near the equator that typically recurs every 30 to 60 days. Read more...

Arctic Oscillation (AO) or North American Mode (NAM)

Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation (AMO)

Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)

Antarctic Oscillation (AAO)

Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO)

Normal Modes

Gravity Waves

Rossby Waves

Kelvin Waves

South Pacific Convergent Zone (SPCZ)

Polar Vortex

Jet Streams

Heat Flow: convection, conduction, radiation

Convection

Evaporation

Wind Charts

Wind Walls

Windstorms

Other Winds

Thunderstorms

Squall Lines

Storm Tracks & Storm Surges

Storm tracks are identified by tracking sea level pressure minima. Read more...

Turbulence

Tornadoes

The Coriolis Effect

Hot Towers

Tropical Cyclones, Hurricanes & Typhoons

Precipitation

Atmospheric Rivers

Meteotsunamis

Small, weather-driven tsunami caused by changes in air pressure created by fast-moving severe thunderstorms, tropical storms, squalls or other storm fronts. Read more...