Trends in extreme weather events in Europe: implications for national and European Union adaptation strategies

Extreme weather can have a severe impact on society. Europe and areas of Russia experienced unprecedented heat waves during the summers of 2003 and 2010. In 2013, record-breaking floods affected Germany, Hungary and other countries. During summer 2007, the United Kingdom experienced a series of destructive floods across the country such that defences were overwhelmed. These brief examples illustrate that extreme weather may affect lives and livelihoods, agriculture, ecosystems and cause large-scale damage to property and loss of life.